«Transport construction» Magazine

Science, Technology and Practice Magazine «Transport construction»

Rus Eng

№ 3 on 2024:



ON THE 70TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE MINTRANSSTROY

ON THE 70TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT OF CONSTRUCTION THE USSR

Pereselenkov G.S.

Abstract:
The article examines the period of formation and existence of an independent branch of national economy - transport construction (1954-1991) with the creation of a base for the construction industry and specialization of its bridge construction, tunneling, electrification of railways and hydraulic engineering transport facilities.

Keywords:
Ministry of Transport Construction, reliability of construction, production management, base of the construction industry, branch of national economy.



HIGHWAYS

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ELASTOMERIC MODIFIERS OF ROAD BITUMEN AND ASPHALT CONCRETE MIXTURES BASED ON "GEL-SOL" ANALYSIS

Maidanova N.V., Ryutkyanen E.A., Kudryashova V.A., Melnik O.Yu., Shishilov N.D. Shakhovets S.E.

Abstract:
The paper demonstrates the necessity for an objective method of quality control for road construction modifiers based on rubber powder obtained from cushioned tires. The physical parameters of modifiers specified in the current regulatory and technical documentation do not guarantee the production of high-quality rubber-bitumen binders (RBB) or asphalt concrete mixtures. To evaluate the physico-mechanical properties of modifiers, the gel-sol analysis method is proposed. Based on the results of the research, a gel-sol modifier control method is proposed, which allows for input control throughout a work shift. The gel content in known elastomeric modifiers for RBB is studied in comparison with the gel content in untreated rubber powder. The range of gel values that characterize the effectiveness of elastomeric modifiers is determined by using examples of structure formation in bitumen when measuring the dynamic viscosity and stability of RBB during their formation. It is concluded that it is advisable to include gel size determination by gel-sol analysis in the RTD for elastomeric modifiers.

Keywords:
bitumen structure formation, dynamic viscosity, elastomeric modifier, gel-sol analysis methods, rubber-bitumen binders, Soxlet extractor, solvents



HIGHWAYS

RESTORATION OF ROAD SURFACES WITH BITUMEN SLURRY

Vasiliev Yu.E., Malazonia G.Sh., Andronov S.Yu., Kochetkov A.V., Ivanov A.F.

Abstract:
This article confirms the possibility of restoring damaged road surfaces by treatment with liquefied bitumen slurry. The production and use of wet cold mixtures based on dispersed viscous bitumen using this technology will reduce the formation of ruts and the rate of formation of other damages to asphalt concrete coatings, as well as significantly increase the repair time. On the basis of bitumen suspension, it is possible to create mastics for sealing cracks, cold mixtures for pit repairs, impregnating compounds, various asphalt concrete mixtures, for example, cast cold asphalt concrete mixtures or crushed stone-mastic asphalt concrete without a stabilizer (for example, cellulose), rolled bitumen concrete. The authors have obtained patents for this technology.

Keywords:
bitumen suspension, cracking, crack mesh, damage, impregnation, protective layer, road surface



HIGHWAYS

INCREASING THE NIGHT VISIBILITY OF HORIZONTAL ROAD MARKINGS

Bochkarev V.I., Zhustareva E.V., Panov D.A.

Abstract:
The results of a theoretical analysis aimed at improving the night visibility of horizontal road markings are presented. Based on a thorough review of the statistics of road accidents on Russian roads over the past three years, it was revealed that road safety at night raises serious concerns. To reduce the accident rate, it is necessary to ensure proper visibility of traffic management elements, in particular horizontal markings. One of the key solutions to this problem is the introduction of markup with a structural surface. To theoretically substantiate this hypothesis, calculations were made of the relative height of the reflection zone of light from the headlights of passing cars, which is recognized as an indicator of the efficiency of retroreflection.

Keywords:
horizontal road markings, micro glass beads, retroreflection, structural markings



HIGHWAYS

MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE OPERATION OF SAND-GRAVEL MIXTURES UNDER EXTERNAL LOAD

Goryachev M.G., Retunskiy A.A., Kalenova E.V.

Abstract:
The article continues the series of publications on the substantiation of the calculated moduli of elasticity of sand-gravel mixtures for the design of pavements. In development of analytical and natural studies, a numerical experiment based on a finite element approach was performed. The article proposes a method for numerical modeling of loading of sand-gravel mixtures of various granulometric compositions in the PLAXIS 2D software package. A matrix of compositions of sand-gravel mixtures for a computational experiment was generated, mathematical models were selected to best describe the behavior of sand and gravel, modeling parameters were assigned, and variable factors of the numerical experiment were determined and the most significant of them were established.

Keywords:
finite element method, modulus of deformation, pavement, sand-gravel mixtures



HIGHWAYS

PROBLEMS OF USING REINFORCED SOILS IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION

Fursov S.G.

Abstract:
The article considers different types of reinforced soils depending on the binders used. The requirements to them of modern standards are analysed. Various methods of investigating such soils and obtaining their characteristics are characterized and evaluated. Their advantages and applicability to the case of reinforced soils are shown. Conclusions and proposals for expanding the use of reinforced soils in road construction are formulated.

Keywords:
crack resistance, regulatory requirements, reinforced soils, shear resistance, soil structure, test methods



HIGHWAYS

PROCESSING AND APPLICATION OF ASPHALT GRANULATE IN ASPHALT CONCRETE PLANTS

Lupanov A.P., Silkin V.V., Rudakova V.V. Silkin A.V.

Abstract:
The methods of processing and application of asphalt concrete granulate in the preparation of asphalt concrete mixtures of various types at asphalt plants are described. A two-stage method of crushing and grinding asphalt granulate is proposed, which provides for crushing large granulate aggregates using impact equipment at the first stage, and subsequent fine grinding at the second stage using various types of force action, with low energy consumption. Recommendations are given for processing asphalt granulate in asphalt mixing plants of various types for the preparation of asphalt concrete mixtures in accordance with current standards for the construction of bases and coatings.

Keywords:
asphalt concrete mixtures, asphalt granulate, granulator, crusher, electromagnetic shredder



TUNNELLING

PROSPECTS FOR THE APPLICATION OF UNDERWATER TUNNEL-BRIDGES

Makovsky L.V., Kravchenko V.V.

Abstract:
A further increase in the scale of road construction in our country makes it necessary to cross large water barriers with bridges and tunnels. The main advantages and disadvantages of traditional types of bridges and tunnels in various topographical, urban planning, geotechnical and hydrological conditions are considered. Attention is drawn to the feasibility and effectiveness of tunnel-bridge crossings across large rivers, sea straits and bays, and examples of such structures are given. When constructing underwater tunnels, along with closed methods, the industrial method of lowering sections is widely used, with the use of which more than 150 tunnels have been built. Using the method of lowering sections, it is possible to build combined structures: tunnels-bridges, in which tunnel structures are located on underwater supports such as bridges. A suitable area of application for bridge tunnels is relatively narrow and deep water barriers.

Keywords:
bridge-tunnel, lowering sections, tunnel-bridge crossing, underwater tunnel



BUILDING STRUCTURES

MOMENT OF CRACKING IN FLEXURAL REINFORCED CONCRETE ELEMENTS

Krivoshein D.A.

Abstract:
There are presented the studies of the dependence of the magnitude of the moment of cracking in reinforced concrete bendable elements on changes in the tensile strength of concrete, the percentage of reinforcement, and the height of the cross section. 1,458 calculations of the magnitude of the moment of cracking were carried out according to the deformation model. The dependence between these values, taken in relative terms, has been established. The difference between the magnitude of the fracture moment obtained from the deformation model and the value obtained through the elastoplastic moment is also analyzed

Keywords:
moment of cracking, nonlinear deformation model, reinforced concrete



BRIDGE ENGINEERING

LOAD REDISTRIBUTION BETWEEN THE BEAM ELEMENTS OF THE BRIDGE SUPERSTRUCTURE

Popov I.P., Moiseev O.Yu., Kharin V.V.

Abstract:
The concept of a hydraulic beam based on the incompressibility property of a liquid is proposed. The main purpose of this study is to increase the load-bearing capacity of the beams. An innovative beam design based on a plugged pipe completely filled with a non-freezing liquid is described. Research shows that this design is superior to traditional tubular and I-beam beams in terms of its load-bearing characteristics. This advantage is achieved through the efficient use of all the beam material, which ensures a uniform load distribution and increases the overall reliability of the structure.

Keywords:
cavity, hydraulic beam, I-beam, liquid filler, tubular beam



BRIDGE ENGINEERING

EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF THE LOGARITHMIC DECREMENT OF OSCILLATIONS OF BUILDING STRUCTURES

M.L. Khazanov

Abstract:
In dynamic tests of large-span bridges, in order to determine their aerodynamic stability, it is necessary to determine the value of the logarithmic decrement of vibrations, which depends not only on the dissipative properties of structures, but also on the amplitude. The method of determining the logarithmic decrement of vibrations described in the article allows experimentally determining the dependence of the decrement on the amplitude of vibrations of building structures. This is especially relevant for the analysis of dynamic tests of large-span bridges.

Keywords:
dynamic tests, logarithmic decrement of oscillations, amplitude dependence, spectral characteristic



RAILWAYS

OVER-TRACK FACILITIES ON RAILWAYS IN CITIES

Konyukhov D.S., Potokina A.M.; Reisbikh Y.A.

Abstract:
The development of cities in many cases took place around railway stations, which at the initial stage represented the centre of settlements. The result of urbanization and a sharp increase in the population of cities led to the need to expand railway stations, the difficulty of which lies in the density of existing urban development around the stations or the impossibility of moving the station outside the city. The article shows possible variants of solving problems with the expansion of railway stations and the difficulties arising in this case, which require improvement of the normative and technical base.

Keywords:
over-track facilities, railway station, regulatory framework, station hall, urban area



RAILWAYS

CALCULATIONS OF THE STABILITY OF THE ROADBED, REDUCING RISKS IN SEISMICALLY ACTIVE AREAS

Mehmonov M.H., Begmatov P.A., Mavlanov A.H.

Abstract:
The article considers the existing methods of calculating the roadbed of roads and railways, taking into account the seismic activity of the construction region. Based on the analysis of theoretical and experimental studies of the seismic resistance of the earthbed, the applicability of existing methodologies to reduce operational risks in seismically active zones of Uzbekistan is substantiated. Recommendations for ensuring the seismic resistance of the earthwork structures are given

Keywords:
dimensions of the structure structure, roadbed, seismicity of the area, soil dynamics



BOOKSHELF

MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES OF ROAD CONSTRUCTION
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF THE ROAD WORKER

«SIE MADI Technopark» Ltd 2022.
64, Leningradsky Prospect, Moscow, 125319
It is included in the list of scientific publications recommended by the Higher Attestation Commission of Russian Federation
ISSN 0131-4300