«Transport construction» Magazine

Science, Technology and Practice Magazine «Transport construction»

Rus Eng

№ 3 on 2023:

Reliability and accessibility of the north of the Far East as a factor in the development of Russia's unified transport system (continued)

Pereselenkov G.S.



Automated system of complex geotechnical monitoring and experience of its practical application

Merkin V.E., Pichugin A.A., Simutin A.N., Medvedev G.M., Kuzyanov N.A.

Abstract:
Information about the certified and patented in Russia Monitron automated system for monitoring of technical condition of buildings and constructions is presented. The system is based on the use of specially designed hydrostatic levelling sensors and software and permits to record data about position in space and deformations of monitored objects in online mode every minute with an accuracy of 0.1 mm and transmit them with a coordinated frequency over the Internet in a form convenient for users. The use of geotechnical models – digital twins – and the possibility of integration of various geotechnical monitoring methods into the system enable us to present the information in the analytical form taking into account the current stress-strain state of the monitored structure altered as compared with the design state, with forecasting changes in its parameters and recommendations. Examples of the system application for combined "deformation + vibration acceleration" monitoring of a number of structures during underground construction are given. A comparative assessment of the technical and economic efficiency of the Monitron system application shows its advantages over its foreign counterparts and ‘manually’ geodetic monitoring.

Keywords:
automated system, deformations, digital twins, efficiency, geotechnical monitoring, hydrostatic levelling sensors, underground, vibration



Prediction of shear resistance of cast asphalt concrete pavements

Kozikov I.O., Lupanov A.P., Silkin V.V., Sukhanov A.S.

Abstract:
On the basis of a mathematical model, the required indicators of cast asphalt concrete coatings that provide resistance to rutting are substantiated.

Keywords:
asphalt granulate, cast asphalt concrete, cast asphalt concrete mixtures, polymer-bitumen binder, shear resistance, resistance to rutting



Improvement of methods for estimation of load-carrying capacity of in-service road bridges

Vasiliev A.I., Kurypov A.A., Khazanov M.L., Lebedev A.A.

Abstract:
When studying the technical condition of road bridges in operation, the main and the most difficult task is to obtain a correct assessment oft he actual load capacity of the bridge. Depending on t he objectives of the study, the carrying capacity of the bridge can be represented in the form of marginal forces in elements, actual classes of temporary load according to the AK scheme, specific heavy vehicles. When assessing the load capacity, there are problems associated with the insufficiency or lack of technical documentation for the construction, inconsistency of regulatory and methodological documents, uncertainty in the accounting of asphalt pavement. In particular. In particular, when assessing the actual load capacity of the in-service bridges in the classes of the standard load of the AK, there is a contradiction between the various existing load standards. For the purpose of a unified interpretation of the carrying capacity of bridges, both new and previously built cording to various standards, it is necessary in all cases to follow the modern requirements fixed in the current GOST R 32960.This provision equires testing at the regulatory level. When assessing the possibility and conditions of passing a heavy vehicle over the bridge, it may turn out that, according to the calculation, the pass condition is not fulfilled, but the shortage of carrying capacity is small. In such cases, it is advisable to conduct static tests of the structure, the results of which determine the criteria for assessing the load capacity of the superstructure – the design coefficient and the adequacy coefficient, regulated in GOST R 59618-2021. Taking into account the influence of the coating thickness on the load capacity of the bridge should be justified by the test results.

Keywords:
adequacy coefficient, bridge, coating, load, load capacity, norms, structural coefficient, technical condition, tests, vehicle



Improvement of the methodology for determining the load bearing capacity of bridge abutment of railway bridges (continued)

Shvets Y.A.



Reliability of normal sections of bending reinforced concrete elements of rectangular profile of bridge structures

Yakubovich A.N., Yakubovich I.A.

Abstract:
The method of probabilistic modeling of load-bearing capacity for bent reinforced concrete elements of bridge structures is considered. It is established that with relatively small values of the percentage of reinforcement, depending on the strength characteristics of the materials of the bent structures of bridge structures, there is a margin of bearing capacity of 10% or more compared to the deterministic calculation. As a consequence, in case of short-term overloads, the integrity of any bendable structure designed according to SP 63.13330.2018 can be ensured. The factors influencing the reliability of the bent element are revealed; the load-bearing capacity is quantified for individual combinations of design parameters.

Keywords:
Probabilistic calculation, bendable elements of bridge structures, load-bearing capacity



Calculation of frequencies of natural oscillations of air duct planes of ventilation and smoke removal systems in transport tunnels

Bautdinov D.T., Shevchenko A.A., Bogdanov V.V.

Abstract:
The article deals with the issue of determining the dynamic characteristics of the duct planes with a flame retardant coating - the natural frequency of nonlinear oscillations. Based on the model of flexible two–layer plates, using the Bubnov – Galerkin method, a nonlinear dynamic problem for a flexible plate with large amplitudes is solved and the square of the fundamental frequency of natural oscillations is obtained.

Keywords:
Bubnov – Galerkin method, ducts, nonlinear dynamic problem, thin flexible two-layer plate



Estimation of transport-operational safety, taking into account the risk of unsecured functional durability of horizontal road markings

Zhustaryova E.V., Panov D.A., Bochkarev V.I.

Abstract:
The economic assessment of losses from road accidents in case of unsecured functional durability of horizontal road markings to be taken into account in technical and economic calculations is shown. Calculation of the value of socio-economic damage from road traffic accidents that caused death or injury of people is carried out by a simplified method on the basis of economic indicators of the region. Economic efficiency is calculated based on the condition of ensuring the required level of risk of road traffic accident occurrence. The case of road traffic accident occurrence due to failure to ensure functional durability of horizontal road markings is considered. As an indicator of functional durability, the light-reflectance coefficient is taken (measurements of light-technical parameters of road markings were carried out in the Russian Federation on motorways of I-III categories in 2019-2021).

Keywords:
economic damage, functional durability, horizontal road markings, road accident, risk theory



Project of underwater tunnel under the Volga River near Nizhny Novgorod

Makovsky L.V., Kravchenko V.V.

Abstract:
The data from the history of designing of the first Russian underwater tunnel under the Volga River near Nizhny Novgorod are given. The data from the history of designing the first Russian underwater tunnel under the Volga River near Nizhny Novgorod are given. The deeply and thoroughly worked out preliminary design of the tunnel, the beginning of construction of which was planned for 1914, but it did not take place - World War I interfered with these plans - played a positive role in the development of underwater tunnelling in our country. Within the framework of the project, a technical and economic comparison of bridge and tunnel crossing options was carried out, and the underwater tunnel was favoured. Three methods of construction were considered and evaluated in detail: panel tunnelling, sinking caissons and ’winding’ sections. On the basis of detailed analysis of the world experience in underwater tunnelling, the main criteria for evaluating the tunnel options under the Volga River were identified, which allowed us to justify the expediency and efficiency of shield tunnelling, which has a number of advantages over other methods. The design of the tunnel lining made of prefabricated reinforced concrete elements with internal waterproofing was designed and calculated. The technological scheme of shield tunnelling under compressed air is developed. The terms and cost of tunnel construction are established.

Keywords:
downdraft caissons, immersed tube, panel tunnelling, underwater tunnel

«SIE MADI Technopark» Ltd 2022.
64, Leningradsky Prospect, Moscow, 125319
It is included in the list of scientific publications recommended by the Higher Attestation Commission of Russian Federation
ISSN 0131-4300